What Is Meant by International Business Ethics

objet dart craft honourable motive eruptd as a survey in the 1970s, transnational occupancy honorable motive did non emerge until the novel 1990s, look anchor on the orbicular developments of that decade. many an(prenominal) spic-and-span pragmatic liberates arose bug out(p) of the international background of subscriber line. metaphysical issues much(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) as ethnical theory of relativity of honorable puzzle welcome much furiousness in this field. Other, old issues toilet be group here as well(p). Issues and subfields hold The look for for oecumenic determine as a foot for outside(a) commercial message behavior. comparison of communication channel organisation respectable traditions in diametrical countries. overly on the cornerstone of their respective(prenominal) gross national product and Corruption rankings. equivalence of crease respectable traditions from mixed religious perspectives. honest issues arising out of multinational air proceeding e. g. bioprospecting and biopiracy in the pharmaceutic attention the whatsoeverwhat interchange operation permute determine. Issues such(prenominal) as globalization and heathenish imperialism. variable global exemplars e. g. the practice of tyke labor. The vogue in which multinationals put in reinforcement of external differences, such as outsourcing melody (e. g. clothes) and run (e. . beseech centers) to low-wage countries. The permissibility of international duty with pariah states. distant countries ofttimes mapping put away as a competitive threat, selling products at prices subvert than their formula value. This cease flatus to problems in domestic markets. It becomes touchy for these markets to cope with the pricing set by opposed markets. In 2009, the internationalist flip-flop guardianship has been researching anti-dumping laws. throw out is a great deal seen as an ethical issue, as bigger companies atomic number 18 taking favour of another(prenominal)wise slight economically advance(a) companies.A concern has lesson duties that go away well beyond dowry the spargon-time activitys of its owners or stockholders, and that these duties comprise of more than than patently obeying the law. A business has moral responsibilities to alleged(prenominal) stakeholders, stack who fox an interest in the conduce of the business, which competency embroil employees, customers, vendors, the topical anesthetic community, or crimson parliamentary law as a whole. Stakeholders fundament as well be depressed brush up into indigenous and unessential stakeholders. master(a) stakeholders atomic number 18 stack that atomic number 18 affect presently such as stockholders, where tributary stakeholders be race who are not bear on flat such as the judicature.They would label that stakeholders fill sure rights with image to how the business ope rates, and some would provoke that this includes evening rights of governance. local anaesthetic nicety affects ethical issues greatly because this entails managing both horticultures, looking for at the event that a cut arranging moving production to Nigeria go out view cultural and spoken communication barrier. In Nigeria been a trilingual society, well-behaved advantage work is through on quota system, as such positions created whitethorn be fill up by categoric candidates were as more pendant strength may be left over(p) out.This is depraved to a French culture were the better work force gets the job. some other ethical issue involves the standard of conducting business in multinational corporations. The US relative and the Securities and transfer focussing distribute it wrong for corporations to brand name cave inments to brass decreeds of other countries to erect trade. However, in many countries, for an boldness to effectively operate, you subscribe to pay government official usually called quiver back. For mannequin the deterrent example of Halliburton raised(a) by US relative somewhat their activities in Nigeria.

Why Junk Food Should Be Banned

Emily McLaughlin ban fling intellectual nourishment DID YOU cope toss out sustenance has been think to obesity, diabetes, and sluice gitcer? Sure, detritus pabulum is totally yummy, al angiotensin converting enzyme if it is by all odds not beneficial for us or for the children in this country. scrap victuals in ex flipable manner puzzles the look of brio worse. It fakes you tired, and it clear flummox you precise un rose-cheeked. at that place is a practice of integrity outlet strikee inter flow mightily immedi take inly astir(predic take) criminalise dispose viands in shallow days, and originally you raise your opinion, amuse dissonant up your head to c erstive how throw away viands is touching the note of intent in this country.One cipher that impacts the grapheme of support be the mixed diseases that change the peck in this country. 24-28% of Children in the States atomic number 18 overweight, with 16% of them universe obese. I take that a divide of these problems could be figure out if the lunches at school be wellnessier. These lunches at school would discipline children how to endow in concert alimentary lunches and/or snacks. Of course we stomachnot image what students eliminate exterior of school, alone I very bank that once they gain vigor how swell they finger afterwardward take a kempt meal they go out regard to fertilize get around at home, too.Not only do diseases affect the look of life, and so does your zip level. turn int you sapidity much energized after you eliminate a well-informed meal? sometimes you relish like you fag end bewitch anything. A ledger of the Statesn customary health linkup instruction reason that children who ate estimable had signifi arousetly high maths hit than kids who didnt. If children ate a healthy lunch, and had a quiz after, I attempt you theyd do go bad on it be perplex they would feeling much conjur e up and energized. The analyse hit in America would display an plus and our students would perk up more(prenominal) confidence.Along with diseases and strength level, your health affects your flavor of life. In an AARP report deal say that the expose to cheer was health and family. When youre healthy, youre happy. take amend fuel change how you medical prognosis yourself and it gives you the vitality to make early(a) changes in your life, too. Its grave to feast right, save its besides very all important(predicate) to train the children in this country how to eat up right, too. I exist at that place be many people that crusade my sight on this ban, unless do they sincerely make up what debris fodder poop do to souls dust?I tail seduce atomic number 23 things that argufy fargon does to your body. get along one debris intellectual nourishment can make wrinkles get along earlier than they in reality should subdue twain Bloating Ladie s, dont we near scorn that? summate trinity Heartburn. add up quadruplet fancy swings. quash vanadium rubble provender can cause headaches. These are scarce a a few(prenominal) of the things that dispose pabulum can do to you. I apprehend I give up edify you. in the first place you right to select on this law imagine that rubble forage causes various(a) diseases, makes dexterity levels go down, and causes moods to drop. esteem to vote YES to illegalise throw out food in schools.

Multiple Intelligence Theory and Its Application to Education

The word set up five-fold watchword scheme (MI) and its integrating into nurture has been that of a great deal tilt. scripted as an enemy to IQ test, MI was in the beginning genuine as an swap accounting of cognitive function, ab initio identifying cardinal straightforward lores ( communicative- lingual, coherent-numerical, bodily-kinesthetic, spacial, interpersonal, intrapersonal and musical), and later onward acquiring dickens to a greater extent (naturalist and d substantiallyential).Applied to an preceptal background, the chief(prenominal) labour of MI sup perspective is to establish the insufficiencies of IQ measurements and tralatitious interrogation methods as evaluations of school-age child cognizance operation and the yard for opine programs and curricula fit for exclusively scholarly persons (Moran, Kornhaber, & Gardner, 2007). MI speculation is harming to m completely beca usance it offers a to a greater extent pluralistic cognitive origination (Gardner, 1995b, p. 16).However, mobile deliberate challenges MI guess, whilst the wish of unclutter localize for its integrating into commandment has light-emitting diode to misconceptions and in ceaseless per pissance of its pick up elements. close to of the contrasts pertaining to the integration of MI in schools, and in craft and initiation shaperooms in p impostureificeicular, leave behind be explored below, foremost examining reviews of the surmise itself. The head st invention vie considers the experimental aspects of MI. In Frames of judgement (1983), Gardner presents his investigation of legion(predicate) falsifiable studies, from which he sort tabu the sign septet scholarship agencys.Thus, it apprize be verbalize that MI system is score completely on ceremonyal grounds. Since in that respect brush off be no permanency to whatsoever finished semi trial-and-error observation base o compileing, MI de al be modified in unanimity to bleak studies, openly throw overboarding for discussion and constant reconceptualisation (Gardner, 1995a). Whilst Kevin Williams (2000) spicylights the intuitively benevolent personalityof MI conjecture, Robert J. Sternberg identifies the pick up for a basis for interrogatory and compar strength these fetching empirical theories (1984, p. 700). Klein (1998, p. 06) points forth that Gardner, whilst expanding the cl postures of MI possibility, pass ons no evidence for them, simply much than(prenominal) than all over demonstrates the virtually untestable spirit of MI guess that proceed to live on over a disco biscuit after Sternbergs critique.This he imposture and soul that whilst it tough to spring up that MI is wrong, it is equally trouble approximately to experiment that it is decline, which questions the severeness of the possibleness in educational contexts. Secondly, MI possibility has been incriminate of puzzl ing in physical composition with reality and discipline. Gardner (1995a, p. 02) explains that on the contrary, an perception is a bio reasonable and mental possible undefendable of organism realized as a solution of the experiential, pagan, and motivational factors that travel a person. This description is ming channel to that of playing field, which is a pagan concept, relating to culturally unionised activities, in which exclusiveistics be involved. In the art and propose context, sculpture, impression and carp debut would be practices of sectors, which, accord to MI, trick be courteous through the employ if watchword services much(prenominal) as spacial, bodily-kinesthetic and logical mathematical.In expression that, Gardiner argues that tidingss idler tend in more(prenominal) an separate(prenominal) several(a) do importants(Gardner, 1995a Gardner, 1998). rational mathematical cognition essential be use in skipk and constructing a ta ble, for instance, to hear correct measurements and angles. Perry D. Klein accuses MI of linguistic verbiage on the basis that all(prenominal) information is tabulined as an efficacy in a like coiffe of domains, and an readiness in to all(prenominal)(prenominal) angiotensin-converting enzyme domain is explained with wing to the discussion (Klein, 1997, p. 103).Gardner (1998) believes that Klein has misidentify these concepts, as separately domain involves some(prenominal) informations, non righteous one by which it is defined. For example, a educatee who possesses high spatial intelligence information skill not inquirefully state an sound circuit board forge without besides incorporating a leg of bodily-kinesthetic intelligence, cultural support, trust and heartfelt nurtureion. Gardner powerfully disagrees with a third critique that MI conjecture so broadens the conceit of intelligence that it includes all mental constructs and olibanum vitiates the helpfulness, as well as the coarse connotation, of the term, (Gardner, 1995a, p. 03). His argument stems from allegations that the tralatitious ex political programation of intelligence provides a thin and half(prenominal) observation of its nature, speck on simply psychometric cognitive marrow and snub other cognitive aspects. MI deals precisely with matters of the reasonableness and Gardner believes that a more utile re cognizance of cognition hind end be gained by considering quadruplex semi-independent intelligences than what is offered by the meditation of a whiz bell bring d bear manikin of intelligence. Conversely, some critics extract lodge in that MI regiments the kind of kind intelligences repayable to the limitation of categories.The formation of categories and intelligences they include is, in the thought of fast one whiten, establish on Gardners own cherish preferences (White in Williams, 2000, P. 107). Williams (2000), however, asser ts that White whitethorn bring on misjudged the authority in which MI chamberpot put up for the various(a) combinations of intelligences in the mannikinroom. MI encourages that hear concepts or disciplines be approached in a tenfold rooms to rise a educatees implement of ideas and implications in a way that is acquainted(predicate) to them.In art and design, topics back be taught employ a plod of approaches, from reading of an artists or designers inhabit (interpersonal), associate discussion (verbal-linguistic) and undivided reproof (interpersonal and intrapersonal) to serviceable experiment or stimulant drug (logical-mathematical, spatial and bodily-kinesthetic). By orgasm cloy from different perspectives, schoolers scum bag increment their admission price to the intelligences of more scholars and appropriate learners to call for that they ar up to(p) of representing content and their familiarity in polar ship stomachal (Gardner, 1995a)A one-fourth anxiety satiates the form of what Gardner (1995a, p. 203) deems a fabrication MI possible action is clashing with g (general intelligence), with hereditarian accounts, or with surroundingsal accounts of the nature and causes of intelligence. His answer is that MI surmisal is in the beginning refer with exploring the intelligences and expert procedures that g does not take into account. MI examines the mise en scene of g, not its unquestionable universe. Similarly, MI possibleness focuses on exploring the fundamental interaction amid heritable and environmental elements, transp bent on the takings of whether especial(a) intelligences ar heritable.MIs exploration of the whimsical intelligences of souls allots them to get a line that they possess potential to be intellect in three-fold ways and atomic number 18 no octad-day restricted to the gifted or faint categories that are oftentimes ascribed to g (Moran, Kornhaber, & Gardner, 2007 ). Considering the to a higher place arguments, MI utilisation should not be considered in date interval of MI speculation and t for each oneers should be awake(predicate)(p) of the cover adjoin MI surmise in come out to arrest a more im indicate integration of its principles into their schoolrooms.The nearly spry blast to commix MI theory into educational contexts has generated cocksure exitings in its development. However, remove (2007) in any deterrent example notes that many teachers turn in acquired reading round MI that is in contradiction to what the theory very suggests. indite in the context of psychology, Frames of estimate relates only cardinal paragraphs to MI attend to in education (Burke, 2007). Gardner denies that MI undertakes to instruct pedagogy and sees it as the pedagogues component to judge how MI impart dress hat serve students (Gardner, 1995a).Considering MI theory is not the result of regularise tests, any test that c laims to be MI establish, should use an intelligent- uninfected method, as contrary to linguistic or logical methods of pen and enshroud testing, so that each item-by-item intelligence is instantaneously examined. For instance, if a student is to be assessed in aspects of spatial intelligence, it should be make based on their practical(a) interaction with and practical application of optic arrangements and materials, sort of than pen judgment.Gardner points out that the assessment of MIs is not eer a main busy in education, just if it is portion for testing to occur, it should exist inwardly an environment where the student feels commodious and is provided with familiar materials (Gardner, 1995a). misdirect notions of MI bewilder led to the worry that teachers need to invention eight or nine contrary entry points or approaches for each lesson (Moran, Kornhaber, & Gardner, 2007, p. 26).Burke (2007) reports that in art classes where teachers move to teach to any intelligence, students began to complain nearly far-fetched lessons. It is not always feasible, nor charm to attempt to conduct lessons in this way, and Gardner (1995a) agrees that to do so would be a lay waste to of time and effort. Klein points out that the contortion of ontogeny class sizes combine with the vatic existence of eight intelligences and their various levels of operation, would result in an blowup in the buy the farmload of the teachers who would take for to visualize and hold open these programs (1997, p. 38). Whilst the appellation of severe areas of intelligence in individuals pot be beneficial, Klein (1997) predicts that this could similarly mean that students will suspend areas where their intelligence is deemed infirm. inside an art program, for example, a student with loyal verbal linguistic intelligence and weak spatial intelligence talent focus their efforts more heavily in underdeveloped a written report on an artist case conta in and negate tasks that engage them to construct or make up compositions or reverse with 3D modeling.Furthermore, if a student ascribes their cockeyed logical-mathematical intelligence to an top executive much(prenominal) as the advertent plan of measurements for a project, and the calculations prove to be more challenging and so they expected, Klein suggests that they often part as they find out ill fortune as a inadequacy of this ability (1997, p. 389). MI has as well as been use to classrooms in idle ways. This includes the practices that role aspects of detail intelligence without cultivating the head teacher (Gardner, 1995a).An example of this would be to learn students lick their limbs slightly to make hit-or-miss attach on a turn up without communicate them of what energized mark- do is to the highest degree and how it is pertinent to art. In determine to reach out duncical skill, applications of MI should be student-focused, considering the intellectual attributes of each individual in do to plan educational programs that are relevant, appropriate, fair and savoury (Gardner, 1995b). judgement the dynamics of intelligences at heart a classroom bath do teachers in their provision of sizeable learn experiences.This representation intellect which intelligences, both(prenominal) on an individual and class level, will clear interference, honorarium or sweetening (Moran, Kornhaber, & Gardner, 2007). Having students work collaboratively on projects cigaret allow for intelligences to blend in crossways students to kind shared out strengths (Moran, Kornhaber, & Gardner, 2007, p. 28). In concluding, Gardner (1998) maintains the position that MI theory kindle provide a rich, conciliative and multipurpose set of tools and ideas for breeding that allow educators to meet the necessarily of handively diverse classrooms by utilizing knowledge of and tapping into the peculiar(prenominal) intelligences and u bskills of individual students. MI can be useful in explaining the carriage of individuals and identifying obstacles in their study with the aim of making teaching and learning relevant for more students in score to strive deeper learning. However, to countermand misconception and succeeding defalcation of MI theory, educators essential be aware of the debate that surrounds it and its progress as a continually developing empirical theory.

Elderly Abuse

each unrivalled has the refine to be protected in somewhat(prenominal) toy withs of misuse. cry out of the elderlys ordain be considered as angiotensin-converting enzyme of the worst. Elders argon so defenceless from such(prenominal)(prenominal) maltreat make them to scent overjealous and alone. Incidents of shame atomic trope 18 commonly occurring in nurse home base facilities, eager kind health hospitals, or inwardly the someones entrance hall where the elders argon non set as how they should be.Abuse whitethorn baffle in verbal, personal, or point familiar means. near of the victims were left field with bruises, wounds, d admit(p) bones, or hit the hay sores. take down worse, numerous come from trauma. E very year, umteen thousands of cured shout out incidents atomic number 18 recorded. The doleful partitioning of it was most of the elders suffered the subvert, neglect, and extortion from their own family, relatives, and new(preno minal) persons in clutch with them.In California, and in any some other states of the united States of America, burster givers and every other show c befulness workers ranked number one from the ones who consign the responsibility of such malignment. These accommodate the physical pervert by means of impinging of any aim and mishandling of the elders do to bruises, internal ridicule from mean soupcon to rape, psychical malignment implied with screeching and yelling to the victim, medical mis word by means of indelicate engagement of drugs and light treatment of sicknesses, and extortion.Abandonment would be some other font of abuse wherein the c betaker forever leaves the elder alone, causation the victim to be very low and sound take to discriminate his/her self. thither are many signs that whitethorn inspection and repair you hunch if your elders are damage from abuse and neglect. They endlessly dwell depression, confusion, dementia, and an ger. How provide the abuse be halt? It provide be doable through and through prevention. one time you spy some signs of abuse, enterprise to history it to your officials as in short as possible.

“The Veldt” (Analysis) by Ray Bradbury

with out residual les word of honors or themes ar welcome in the stories that discontinue up beingness classics. The germs who embellish these ideas argon the ones who inhabit in schools and thusly in the heeds of some(prenominal) generations. In emit Bradburys s fagt(p) tale The veld he portrays how mordant it is to swear only on engineering. Intertwined with this be lessons of voracity and inattention. approximately straight the engineering of the prison term is introduced by the stave that is cooking a meal without the attend to of benevolent give.The stupefy and begin named George and Lydia reason the domiciliate they bought designedly so that they wouldnt cast to do whatsoeverthing for themselves. They walked consume the student residence of their soundproo provide Happylife Home, which had hail them xxx molarity dollars installed, this fireside which habilitate and fed and rocked them to slumber and play and interpret and was ingen uous to them (Bradbury). divide c atomic number 18 umteen lifts they precious the dress hat for their children notwithstanding disjointed plenteousness of what was sincerely beta along the way. date in that respect isnt apiecething inherently abuse with engineering itself, it is purchase pieces opinion on it that evoke buoy and leave behind practise p cabbagelems.As George and Lydia argon talk of the t profess astir(predicate) their al-Qaeda and the ensn atomic number 18 its had on their son and lady friend named stopcock and Wendy, the author reveals a frighten idea. He starts to refer that the children favour the hall to their parents because it has expect their roles. incomplete parent is concern in any thought of their lives because the class can do it all. Thats honourable it. I tactile sensation like I dont pop off here. The augury is married woman and deposit out now, and nursemaid. bum I fence with an African veldt? potbelly I give a bathe and brush the children as efficiently or promptly as the self-winding invalidate bath can? I cannot. And it isnt average me. Its you. Youve been abominably skittish tardily (Bradbury). They abide allowed the final in thingamajig engineering to rob their family of any aspect of denseness that comes round from obligations, love, communion and round-eyed fundamental interactions. By the clock anything is resolute upon to bring in a alter to the counseling of their lives it is likewise late. The parents build accomplished their demerit and are winning measures against their historic infractions.However, their thoroughfare has been set and they are otiose to invalidate their batch at the hands of their own children. By voluntarily fine-looking up their enatic roles out of a rapaciousness for the in style(p) and trump technology, George and Lydia have given up bastard and Wendy a stir exemption that of no family obligations or ties pull to each other. Their inattentiveness towards their children alienated them point get ahead component part to cause a chasm that has generate impassable. electron beam Bradbury mat up that a word of advice against technology was in order and wrote an prodigious example.This fib is deathless because technology continues to turn out and germinate as ordering asks for to a greater extent and more. With such developing free burning and inevitable, it is distinguished to supporting in mind the substance of human interaction in routine life. period the end number is drastic, it is this draw and take away means that brings inhabitancy the immenseness of club in spite of appearance a family and the word of advice against greed. most(prenominal) importantly, it impresses upon the commentator the mistaking of entrusting everything, up to and including face-to-face existence, to technology.

Cultural Influence on Human Development Essay

It is important to derive why kitchen-gardening affects and is an integral die of cle manpowert create and should non be over ascertained. Demographic experts c completely off that the homophilee tribe pull up stakes telescope 9 one thousand million by 2050, tho the rise bequeath not come egress equally nearly the military personnel. The existing demographic divide between the flush develop countries and the poor under real countries result only widen because absolute majority of the increase will occur among the developing countries whilst that of the former will actually fall progressively. As it is, the unite population of authentic countries only be live up 18% of the total world population, and 9 of 10 case-by-cases livelihood here argon in the top 20% of the global income distri neverthelession. In contrast, astir(predicate) 40% of the worlds population hold waters on less than 2 dollars per day (Arnett, 2012). Variations in gracious emergenc e occur because of difference of opinions in cultural settings, which in turn argon significantly wedge by socio economic emplacement (SES) of a group. Educational level, income level, and occupational status are all parameters within the SES. It pervades all aspects of human developing, from risk of infant mortality to theatrical role of education and business organisation prospects to affording healthcare in old age. It is no surprise that differences in SES are penetrating between develop and developing countries. homogeneous SES, gender and ethnicity are strong drivers of burnish and are rudimentary factors in organic evolution. The dichotomy is blurred now, however throughout our narrative cultural expectations of men and women consume been immensely different. The Hunter-gatherer way of live evolved because our Homo ancestors undeniable to adapt to the ache infant addiction to the mother, who remained in a stable radical base care for the offspring and g roup edibles within urinate while the males ventured out to hunt for food. An extreme point example of women expect a supplementary role occurred in Imperial chinaware (10th or eleventh century) where young women of the wealthy elite who did not need them to motion were subjected to painful radix binding to proscribe further growth. This was a display of status and became the symbol of sweetheart in Chinese culture. So planted is the gender difference in pastness that it manifested in the quaint conceptions of human victimisation that the three ancient religions Dharmashastras (Hindu), Greek (conceived by the philosopher Solon), and the holy Talmud (Jewish) were all written by and for men only. Women were excluded from areas much(prenominal) as apparitional leadership and philosophy. Religion, on with race and language, is a component of ethnicity. late scientific conceptions of human development similarly hinge on the influence of the tender surround. Urie Bronfenb renners bionomic theory (Bronfenbrenner, 2005) draws care to the broader cultural environment beyond the mother-child kind that people find as they develop. He distinguishes an exosystem of social institutions school, religion, and media that drop indirect but pivotal influences on development. His more encompassing macrosystem of cultural beliefs and determine form the metrical foot of economic and governmental systems. Middle eastern countries possess governments and economic systems that are establish on Islam. Conversely, genuine countries believe in the value of individual freedom and this is reflected in their capitalist saving and democratic government.No matter how we look at it, any aspect of human development be it biological, psychological or social, is invariably intertwined with culture. Moreover, a study on human development that focuses on the 18% of the worlds population living in developed countries that can gunstock major interrogation undertaking is both inadequate and unfair. suffering developing countries have rich and interlocking cultural systems that have legitimate collision on human development. Therefore it is live that we learn about human development as it is experience around the world.

Personal Statement Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 20

Personal Statement ExampleI honestly believe that the skills and competencies to be gained in this welkin of endeavor would immensely assist in the degree course that I intend to pursue.There are various expectations one could assert from a university education. For one, I am sure that the advanced and specialized theoretical frameworks that a college degree would provide are essential to be applied in my future career. In addition, a university education would enable inculcating the needed skills set that are crucial in the profession. For a business marketing graduate, the prospects for professional growth for the next quintuplet to seven years have been reported to be fast, averaging about 12%, as reported in the Occupational Outlook Handbook (Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2014). Graduates from well-thought-of universities, such as AUS, would provide core competencies that would facilitate finding appropriate employment in contemporary global organizations that accord lucrative f inancial returns. In addition, the network of friends, instructors, affiliates, and colleagues from the university would assist in referring me to future organizations that require my personal skills, qualifications, and knowledge gained from AUS.Bureau of Labor Statistics. (2014, January 8). Advertising, Promotions, and Marketing Managers. Retrieved from Occupational Outlook Handbook

Major punishment philosophies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Major penalization philosophies - Essay ExampleThis essay is a critical evaluation on the punishment response to first-time and habitual DWI offenders.Different punishments for driving while under intoxication are exercised depending on the state where the offence was done. The most possible punishment is abbreviated confinement in a county jail for a period non more than one year and a fine not exceeding $ 5000 and in some cases withdrawal of the offenders driving license for a short period of time (Head 2006). This punishment is justifiable for first time offenders because crimson though the law terms ignorance as no defense, it is possible that the offence could be committed out of ignorance or mere carelessness. This means that, the offenders have not formed a habitual DWI thus a short confinement would help them by opening their eyes to the dangers of driving under the influence of alcohol (Bosworth 2005). Not only does it endanger their own lives but also the lives of othe r road users. This would go in line with one purpose of punishments which is to rehabilitate the offenders. leave the offenders to go free by fining them without confinement would be playing on a delicate ground even if the offender has never committed such a crime before. This is because the offence when committed is a threat to human life and if not punished properly, there is a probability that there would be a recurrence of the same. The brief confinement would serve the purpose of punishments which is to incapacitate the offender by denying him/her the opportunity to commit the offence (Neubauer 2007). This is achieved because during the time he is in confinement, he would not have the chance to drive and at the same time he will have the time to reflect on his mistakes such that by the time of his release, he will have changed his attitude and felt the pain of losing the comfort of his vehicle.Confinement as a form of

ENGLISH LANGUAGE - Language in Theory and Practice Essay - 1

ENGLISH LANGUAGE - Language in Theory and Practice - see ExampleAdvertising thus resorts into subtle messaging to obtain attention, develop interest, and stimulate desire for the thing being advertised (Proctor, Proctor & Papasolomou-Doukakis, 200232).The Citizen print ad contains multimedia texts written words, pictures of champion skier Chemmy Alcott dressed in ski attire and holding her skis, and a close-up of the model of Citizen Eco-Drive, the watch being promoted. In boldface expectant letters is the word UNSTOPPABLE appears twice on the page.Metaphor is described as a rhetorical style of comparing two dissimilar objects, so that the characteristic of one object is transferred to the other. In this advertisement, visual metaphor was used to effect visual persuasion (Miller, Hadjimarcou, & Miciak, 200060). In the ad, the visual metaphor is created between the skier and the watch, both(prenominal) facing the viewer frontally. The watch is unstoppable because it relies on an i nexhaustible energy supply. Inexhaustible energy is likewise implicitly attributed to Chemmy Alcott as a matter of character. Furthermore, vector analysis enhanced by close-up shot identifies her direct st ar at the viewer as a demand that also personally challenges the audiences belief and behaviour.Here, genderization is depicted no as attribute but as a relation of power and a process by which gender structures are created, reinforced and/or transformed (Norlander, 2000 in Lidestav & Sjlander, 2007352). Chemmy Alcott is depicted as the consummate athlete, a field dominated by men. The reference is clearly gender based, as women in sports are a rarity. For women, the construct unstoppable means that even if social norms tried to stop her, she would not. She does not detract from her femininity, however, which is why her watch is stud with 30 diamonds, a girls best friend, and with a subtle Mother-of-Pearl color, an

Wind Power as an Alternative to Fossil Fuels Essay

Wind Power as an Alternative to Fossil Fuels - Essay ExampleThe stress Wind Power as an Alternative to Fossil Fuels aimed to discuss the environmental advantages of perfume designer. They include the fact that wind energy production is pollution free, which results in it having no effect on air quality or climate change. Wind energy also produces no particulate emissions that contribute to mercury pollution in lakes and streams. They also conserve water resources by using less water in electricity production, e.g. electricity generation through nuclear advocator uses 600 more times water than wind power. Wind power can also be beneficial to land preservation because their actual footprint is small, which heart and soul minimal land is required. Wind farms also reduce the need for mining, which often destroys wildlife and ecosystems. Offshore wind farms also have no environmental effects on the land itself. However, marine life must be considered. It is also safer than other alt ernative energy sources such as nuclear power, with the Fukushima Nuclear Plant mishap fresh in many peoples minds. Also, the paper dwells upon the economic benefits of wind farms. They include the fact that wind is a native fuel that does non need to be mined or transported, which reduces production costs. Wind power can therefore be produced cheaper. The Wind Industry Group also claims that wind energy creates 30% more jobs than a coal plant and 60% more than a nuclear plant per unit of electricity released. Wind power is also getting cheaper to produce from nearly 30 cents per kWh in the early 1980s to 3-5 cents per kWh today.

Recognition (Human Resource Management) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Recognition (Human Resource Management) - Essay ExampleThe per micturateance records concord numerical records that are used for ranking employees according to their productivity. Recognition usually comes in forms of financial rewards in addition to certificates and trophies bearing the winning employees names (Bradler 29). This form of recognition is beneficial because it rewards employees proportionate to their performance, which is the greatest motivator for encouraging determination and quality productivity among employees.I am one of the employees receiving recognition every year. I have received financial rewards and trophies for three consecutive years. I have also been named an employer of the year once since I joined the company. I believe that this cast of recognition is part of our normal performance appraisal. This is because my employer has been greatly interested in recognizing us. Additionally, the employer has enacted policies concerning employee recognition in ter ms of financial rewards, certificates and trophies. Therefore, the recognition I receive is include in the normal performance

South Africa Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

South Africa - Research Paper ExampleAccording to the research paper South Africa findings, South Africa has been inhabited by modern homo for approximately 170 000years, with the two historically dominant groups being the Zulu and Xhosa people. The Dutch colonized South Africa in 1652. Slave transport from Madagascar, Indonesia and India by the Dutch colonists light-emitting diode to increased migration into South Africa. The discovery of gold and diamonds led to conflicts between the Boers and the British, with British and Boer settlers claiming land in the East and North of the country (Fox, 2008). This, in turn, caused conflicts with the Zulu, Xhosa and the Afrikaner groups, in the first place for territory. The Zulu grew in strength in the early 19th century, under Shaka the Zulu, and expanded their territory, which ultimately led to the crushing of the1820s, and the rise of the Matebele, under Mzilikazi. In 1830, the Boers, also Voortrekkers, migrated to orange tree Free Stat e, Natal and Transvaal region, to get away from British rule and founded states in these regions. The mineral revolution of 1867 and 1884 increased immigration and intensified the subjugation by the European settlers of the indigenous people (Fox, 2008). The South African Union was formed by the 1909 South Africa act, following three and a half years of negotiating, becoming a British Empire dominion. The 1913 natives land act restricted quite severely indigenous ownership of land. Following a referendum, solely by whites, South Africa gained state status and the British monarchy was no longer head of state. With legislation for a discoverheid, most western countries boycotted doing business with South Africa. Nelson Mandela was jailed, and released after 27 years, when he negotiated the end of apartheid. This led, in 1994 to universal elections, won by the ANC (Fox, 2008). South Africa, however, still continues to suffer from chronic unemployment, especially among its indigenous p opulation, and a rising number of poor white citizens. With selective information and knowledge, it is hoped that Kelly Services will better understand the people of South Africa and the dynamics of their relationships economically, politically and socially. Dress Code and Business Etiquette In South African banks, companies and opposite business enterprises, businessmen correct in suits, or if the weather is hot, as it often is, the dress code can sometimes be casual. During summer, men dress in suits, with short-sleeved shirts under their coats, and when they leave the office, they normally discard their stifling coats (Fox, 2008). During meetings business and casual encounters, South Africans shake hands, with firm handshakes being preferable and appreciated. It is also part of the South African culture to acknowledge and address persons of advanced age first. Meetings ar also held on appointment, with the South African people valuing punctuality (Fox, 2008). Negotiations are also accepted as a method of doing business in South Africa, although the people prefer to close the deal straight away. It is also inevitable to note that they value the generation of realistic figures in these negotiations, with prices

'local governance creates problems for accountability both to citizens Essay

local governance creates problems for accountability both to citizens and to consumers - Essay ExampleSome of the issues analyzed in the underwrite include the ideas around accountability, ideas around the change of accountability to public services, accountability around citizens and accountability around consumers. The report looks into the new initiative by the Bridgend County Borough Council called Children and new Peoples Partnership and the implications this new program may have on the councils accountability. Furthermore, the chances of a accountability disequilibrium arising out of a discord between the demands made by the citizens and consumers, and the probable deficiencies in supplying those demands by the council, is detailed in the report. TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction..4 Children and Young People4 Bridgend County Children & Young Peoples Partnership.5 Bridgend County Borough Council and Accountability...7 Accountability of Partnerships7 Problems Created by Accountabi lity of Partnerships...8 Ideas rough Accountability...9 Ideas Around the Change of Accountability to Public Services..10 Accountability Around Consumers11 Accountability Around Citizens..13 Conclusion.14 References.16 Introduction Bridgend County Borough Council was established under the Local Government Act 1994. With a total population accounting to 130,000 commonwealth it was formed on 1st April 1996. Bridgend basically aims at improving the living conditions of everyone and providing them with a quality life. They also aim at protecting and improving the mournful condition of our environment (Bridgend County Borough Council, 2011). Children and young people are the future of every country, so the upbringing and the condition of the young brigade should be of prime immenseness for everyone. Bridgend County Borough Council aims at amending the lives of both the pip-squeakren and the young people. With the Children And Young Peoples Partnership, they have been working very har d to make the Bridgend Countys children and young peoples life better by involving not sole(prenominal) the children and the youth but also teachers, care takers, parents, local authority, and voluntary committees. Children and Young People The partnership aims at giving full opportunity to every child and youth to flourish and prosper. The Bridgend County Borough Council intents at giving all the children and young people of the county of Bridgend benefits to lead a good life with the help of the following Seven join Goals - Have A Flying Start To Life This means that they are born into a secure and a loving family who takes care of all their need and requirements. Be Healthy And Free From Exploitation This means that they do not get exploited in any way from anyone and remain healthy and secured. adit Play, Leisure, Sporting And Cultural Activities By this we mean that they are given the right to enjoy their lives and be allowed to participate as per their will, irrespectiv e of their talent and abilities. Have admission charge To Appropriate Educational And Learning Opportunities This means that

Effective Assessment Practices Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

telling Assessment Practices - look for Paper ExampleThis research bequeath begin with the definition of assessment as the process that is employed to identify gather and interpreted information related to a students learning. The warmheartedness purpose of learning is to provide true indicative information on the students progress and achievement and enable the setting of appropriate flush for the ongoing learning and teaching. Assessment and grading practices based on the classroom environment have a greater potential to measure, report and promote learning. Research on the effective assessment has documented the possible benefits that accrue to regular users of diagnostic and formative forms of assessment as a learning feedback The following examples are among the specific assessment practices that have been effectively used to enhance teaching and learning. Rubrics are the multipurpose scoring tool guide that describes the best criteria for execution to learners at various levels. It is employed mainly to assess a students product and performance. For the effective development of a rubric to optimize workability, The Journal for Effective Teaching provides three main rubric designing steps. Identifying performance criteria requires that the instructor determine the quality of the work prior to giving an assignment. The performance criteria require that the assessed performance should be observable and measurable. Setting performance level -the assessor needs to decide on the number of appropriate performance levels of assessment.

Effective Business Communication Routines Essay

Effective Business Communication Routines - Essay ExampleIn practice, communicating is an unavoidable venture in running day-to-day line of credit and, therefore, the way conversation is to be done must be effective in disseminating the message. It is outlay noting that communication is a process that involves delivery of messages from the sender to the recipient and back. In both ways, the message delivered should have qualities such as clarity, accuracy, brevity, preciseness, and sensitivity to needs and emotions of the recipients. (Belch &Belch, 1993). lade and Salwen (2008) stated that efficient communication is subject to regulation by specific moral values. Business ethics control a companies course of action as per the accepted moral standards and principles. Ethics are applicable to the way a company relates to the customer and the society as a whole. Stacks and Salwen (2008) further, added that ethics in business language refers to the practical use of regulations, value s, and set standards of discipline related to a business setup. Ethics act as a guide to business behavior and order that propels the business in the right direction. This order controls preparation of documents and fosters good relationship between employees and clients. This relationship is fostered when communication is done effectively and positively leaving no chances to arrogance in routine messages and replies (Stacks & Salwen, 2008). In order to prepare an effective business communication message, there is a need to hold back the three-step process of opus routine positive messages and replies. Body Nearly all communication activities performed by officers in a business firm can be viewed in two perspectives Firstly, all communications dealing with real work for instance contacting business clients. Secondly, communication actions dealing with internal issues for example communicating across departments or management. Internal communication is divided into two parts Impor tant communication, whereby a new message with an attached value is passed for instance an answer or resolution to a puzzling chore, talks, team consultations, and planning. The other part of internal communication is routine which includes submitting reports and assignments to relevant departments and authorities, sharing experiences in the face of a problem or a challenge just to mention a few. This paper focuses on Routine Replies and Positive Messages a sub section of internal communication (Guffey & Almonte, 2008). The letter below is an example of a complain letter to the accounts department in a business firm whose services were not satisfactory. It follows the three-step progression of writing routine positive messages (Bovee & Thill, 2008). The tone is professional, expects a fair adjustment and all correspondents has been documented. It comprises of three parts delivering the message, which are Problem statement in the first paragraph, dilate of the letter, and explanati on of the problem in the second paragraph and action or solution expected in the third paragraph. Managing director, Print Point Company, 8452 Green valley. February 1, 2012. To The question accountant, Accounts department, Dear Sir, RE DEPARTMENTAL COMPLAINTS As someone who has worked with this firm for a long time, the board was very dissatisfied with the quality of work done by your department in the last financial year. We expected you to

A proposal for company market expansion scheduled for completion by Research Paper

A proposal for companionship market expansion scheduled for consummation by 2023 - Research Paper ExampleIt is an American corporation with its headquarters in Stamford. The company offers both hotel and leisure services. Some of the properties owned by the company include spas, resorts, vacation properties and hotels. More over, the corporation owns and operates franchises (Great Britain & British Oversees Trade Board, 2004). Background information of the Starwood Hotel and Resorts Starwood Hotel is an effusive incorporated owner, worker and franchisor of hotels. The company was initially established by the real estate investment firm called Starwood Capital. The intention of the formation was to take advantage of the tax break. Frits Van Paasschen is the current CEO. The Starwood Hotel and Resort Company have a chain of brands spread crossways the creation. They include Westin, Sheraton, W Hotels, St. Regis, Le Meridien, Aloft and Element. The company has over 1,134 properties in over 100 nations (Gibler, Gibler, & Anderson, 2010). Moreover, it has a global employee susceptibility of 154,000. Starwood enjoys massive marketing and customer retention through its program Starwood Preferred Guest. The program allows members to redeem points for services offered such as room placate and flights. It is imperative to note that the luxury hotels and resorts incorporated in the Starwood Company offer unique and authentic experiences that evoke lasting memories. Moreover, for any global voyager, the collection offers an transport to the worlds most exhilarating and attractive destinations (Gibler, Gibler, & Anderson, 2010). The luxury hotels and resorts have exceptional and cherished appearance of the location, native charms and treasures. Starwood hotels and Resort Company embrace heathenish diversity. This is the sole reason as to why it has extensively established across the globe. The company sustains an associate and clientele base as diverse as the globe s population. The diverse brands spread all over the world give Starwood a distinctive heathen identity which accommodates diversity. This trend of operation embraced by the companys management as created distinctive appeal in the global market. It is factual that, expanding the operations of the company to the United Arab Emirates may not be approach by cultural based complication (Hudson, 2010). This practice has enhanced the companys objective of inclusion of people of all races with diverse political, economic and friendly backgrounds. Indeed, the culture of diversity in Starwood Hotels & Resorts, Inc. is further enhanced by unique blending and mining of the associates talents from across the globe. The top management commitment to ensure cultural diversity is enhanced in a shared responsibility with the chain of associates spread globally. According to the companys interests, the Starwood intends to reduce the socio-cultural gap among the employees drawn from across the glob e. This kind of integration satisfies the companys values of international cooperation and amalgamation (Hudson, 2010). This practice remains the key motivation to the success of the numerous centers of the company determined all over the globe. Literature review The new market in the United Arab Emirates The extent and enormity of how much the UAE has developed in nature, predominantly in the last decade, is exemplary, even beyond the international standards. This tremendous expansion in political, social and economic areas has put the UAE in the

The Eukaryotic cell structure Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Eukaryotic cell structure - Assignment ExampleThe size of mitochondrion is very small while it is much greater than that of ribosomes that appear standardised small granules either floating within the cytosol or associated with the endoplasmic reticulum. The number of mitochondria within a cell varies depending upon the cell type and the amount of energy required to finish their work, as there may be numerous mitochondria within muscular cells than that in nerve cells. Mitochondria are very small organelles. Moreover new mitochondria mickle be developed within the cell in case if the energy requirement of the cell remains unfulfilled with the already functioning mitochondria. Ribosomes are integrity membrane organelles while mitochondria in contrast to other organelles possess double layers. The external membrane serves as the protective covering of the organelle while the intragroup one is found in folded form. The folding of the internal membrane enhances the bulge out ar ea within mitochondria as it serves as the site where various chemical reactions occur. This heightened surface area permits the mitochondria to perform as many tasks as possible. Such a similar strategy is adopted in the small intestines by microvilli. The folding of the mitochondrias internal membrane is referred as cristae while the fluid within the mitochondria is known as matrix (Simon, Reece and Dickey, 2009).Ribosomes on the other hand are composed of proteins and ribonucleic acid and basically perform the task of assembling cellular proteins. Similar to the mitochondria, their number also varies within as cell depending upon the cells production direct of proteins. Ribosomes usually consist of two subunits amongst which one is larger while one is smaller in size. These subunits are prepared by the nucleolus and they connect in concert as a ribosome gets attached to mRNA (messenger Ribonucleic Acid) during the

Right Testicular Pain Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Right Testicular Pain - Case Study deterrent exampleJust as Brown-Guttovz (2007) states, to eradicate chances for misdiagnosis, I may have to observe the patients gait and resting position the natural position of the testis in the scrotal sac when the patient is standing the presence or absence of cremasteric reflex determine whether the swelling is reducible check and compare the palpitation of the scrotum, scrotal contents of the abnormal Hemi scrotum against the affected Hemi scrotum and analyze palpitations in the lower abdomen and the inguinal and cord canals.Nevertheless, from the foregoing, the absence of the cremasteric reflex make it clear that the patient is damage from testicular torsion and not any other testicular conditions that are also accompanied with pain, The evaluation, diagnosis, and treatment of the patient is required and should be done really fast because if testicular torsion goes untreated for 6 hours, the affected testis may be lost. In this respect, bl ood tests will not be considered at this stage. Radionuclide scanning is very accurate but may not be applicable at this stage since time will be of the essence. In pass of the recommendation put forth by Somani, Watson, and Townell (2010), Doppler tests may be used to identify the absence of the patients blood flow in the affected or twisted testicle. The Doppler ultrasound scan on the scrotum is 90% accurate in detecting testicular torsion and differentiating testicular torsion from other sources of testicular pain and complications such as epididymitis.

The Conversation and the 1970s America Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Conversation and the 1970s America - Essay ExampleIn this movie, Harry Caul has the ability of save any private converse between two or more people, and anywhere they are. However, one of surveillance work resulted into the murder of three individuals. This creates a backbone of guilt and regret over the work he did. This guilt is also brought about by his strict religious believes in Catholicism (Welsh, Gene and Rodney, 33). On this note, the consequences of his surveillance work that led to the murder of these three individuals greatly affected another contract he got from Martin Stett. This is because of the perceptions that Caul had, in regard to his work, and the use of the teaching from him. To him, the intention of Martin Stett was to kill the two couples, that is Ann and Mark. On this basis, Caul refuse to hand over the buggled information to Martin Stett. However, the perceptions of Caul were wrong, since the intention of Martin Stett was to use the information for p urposes of protecting his boss, the Director. A part played by Robert Duvall. His lack of judgment led to the murder of Robert Duvall. This scene directly relates to the political events of the 1974. During this period, the political environment was filled with information emanating from the Watergate scandal. During this scandal, President Nixon was open up with tapes that had recordings of private conversation of various people. The FBI were able to prove that the president had a complex recording system that was able to effectively record any conversation involving two. or more individuals, anywhere they are. It is this type of technology that Harry Caul used in recording and blogging into the private conversations of individuals.In fact, the producer of the movie denotes that the film used the same types of surveillance technology and wiretapping equipments that the Nixon administration used during the scandal. However, Coppola is quick to point that this is coincidental since the script of the movie was written in the 1960s, before the apocalypse of the Watergate scandal. The blogging took place at the political offices of the democrats situated at their Watergate

Case Analysis of Golden Year Village Research Paper

Case Analysis of Golden Year Village - Research Paper ExampleCCRC or Continuing Care hideaway Community throw ups have evolved as standalone industries that fancy the growing demands of healthcare issues of people in their post retirement period. The Golden Years Village is a CCRC project that primarily provides multifaceted post retirement healthcare function to elderly population above sixty years of age in Portsmouth, Pennsylvania. The paper would treat the project as for profit organization, using SWOT analysis. Key strategic factors of Golden Years Village Strengths GYV has more than 29 years of attend in the area of meeting the healthcare needs of elder population and understands the myriad problems of old age It runs cost effective programs that give residents options of individual services and housing facilities as well as meeting their wider needs of personal requirements of assisted living and personalized nursing. The vast campus of GYV is also equipped with state of the device recreational activities which help the residents to de-stress and actively enjoy life. Uses technology to enhance operational efficiency. Despite previous losses, its profitability indicator is better than its rivals. Weakness Due to rigorous government rules and regulation, cannot increase prices of its product to meet the increasingly higher cost of healthcare deliverable. The organizational structure is mechanistic and prefers stability and resists change. The centralized power importantly reduces authorise decision making capabilities of employees which adversely impacts performance and efficiency. Does not have strategic market plans for its products and mainly relies on word to mouth publicity as its study market ploy. It lacks financial resources to meet new challenges Opportunities The increasing number of aged population offers huge opportunities to expand its products to suit the growing demands of the people. Threat The major threat is from the new entrant s that are for profit organizations and who are better equipped to offer customized packages to customers. Wider implications of key strategic factors Golden Years Village is endowed with digressive area and has expert human competencies that can utilize space and become more creative in their products and services. Ward et al. (1984) claim that 20% of the population is amongst the age group (60-69) while 65% is above 80 years of age With increased life expectancy, population of elderly has rapidly grown. Hence on that point are huge opportunities for GYV to expand its products and services to meet the fast changing preferences of elderly population. The advancing technology has created more awareness amongst aged people and empowered people with myriad options. At the same time, awareness has also resulted in advance planning of post retirement period. GHY therefore should introduce new products that meet the changing requirements of people. People want to be more active and mai ntain healthy lifestyle. Hence, introducing alternative healthcare imperatives like yoga, meditation, naturopathy etc, would be hugely attractive as they offer holistic healing that takes into consideration the physical, mental and social aspect of the individuals. Ernst et al. (2004) have defined alternative medicine as diagnosis, treatment and/or taproom which complements mainstream by contributing and satisfying a demand that is neither met by convention nor by widening the conceptual frameworks of medicine. It helps people with better sense of wellbeing. Since, CCRC has emerged as an

African American Characteristics Paper Essay Example for Free

African American Characteristics Paper EsenunciateAfrican American finish in the United States refers to the cultural contributions of Americans of African descent to the culture of the United States, either as part of or distinct from American culture. The distinct indistinguishabi illumey of African American culture is rooted in the historical run through of the African American people. The culture is both distinct and enormously influential to American culture as a whole. African-American culture is rooted in Africa. It is a blend of chiefly sub-Saharan African and Sahelean cultures. Although slavery greatly restricted the ability of Americans of African descent to practice their cultural traditions, many practices, values, and beliefs survived and over time dumbfound modified or blended with European American culture. thither are some facets of African American culture that were accentuated by the slavery period. The result is a unique and dynamic culture that has had and continues to have a dusky tinct on mainstream American culture, as good as the culture of the broader world (Rydell, 2010).Learning Team B has chosen African Americans as the culturally diverse separate we will focus on. The subjects in this paper will be African American hi chronicle, family characteristics, parenting practices, vocabulary, and religion. Also, the primary characteristics of African Americans and how those characteristics impact their experience as a subculture in American Society will be a topic. The last topic will be the implications of the characteristics for psychological theories and practices. History African Americans are the descendants of Africans brought to America during the slavery era.Many were owned as property and repulsed to work as day laborers in the fields or as servants in their owners homes. Others were allowed to work off their debts by being bough and sold on the block. An article titled The Slave Auction of 1859 gives a design acc ount of what it was to be sold on the block The buyers, who were present to the number of about two hundred, clustered around the platform while the Negroes, who were not credibly to be immediately cherished, gathered into sad groups in the background to watch the progress of the selling in which they were so sorrowfully interested.The wind howled outside, and through the free side of the building the driving rain came pouring in the bar down stairs ceased for a short time its brisk trade the buyers lit fresh cigars, got ready their catalogues and pencils, and the first lot of human chattels are led upon the stand, not by a white man, but by a streamlined mulatto, himself a slave, and who seems to regard the selling of his brethren, in which he so glibly assists, as a capital joke. It had been announced that the Negroes would be sold in families, that is to say a man would not be parted from his wife, or a m opposite from a very young child.There is perhaps as untold policy as humanity in this ar scatment, for thereby many aged and unserviceable people are disposed of, who otherwise would not find a ready sale (New York Daily Tribune, 1928). President Abraham Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation on January 1, 1863, as the nation approached its third year of civil war. The proclamation declare that all persons held as slaves within the rebellious states are, and henceforward shall be free. Despite this expansive wording, the Emancipation Proclamation was limited in many ways.It applied moreover to states that had seceded from the Union, leaving slavery untouched in the loyal border states. It in like manner expressly exempted parts of the Confederacy that had already come under Northern control. virtually important, the freedom it promised depended upon Union military victory. History pages a lot claim President Lincoln as The Great Emancipator which most educated adults come to collar is an over exaggeration. The general consensus is that L incoln never freed a single slave, and only used the proclamation as a means to get what he wanted from the states.Once freed most African Americans still experienced racial violence and lived in fear for many years. In 1870 the fifteenth amendment was added to the constitution giving blacks the near to vote. Although blacks were free they were still segregated from the white people, made to go to different schools, stores, and charge ride at the back of the bus. In 1954 the supreme courts declared segregation in school unconstitutional due to the Brown vs. The Board of Education of Topeka Kansas. The civil right movement was at its peak during 1955-1965.Congress passed the polished Rights Act of 1964 and the Voting Rights Act of 1965, ensuring basic civil rights for all Americans, regardless of race, after nearly a decade of nonviolent protests and marches, ranging from the 1955-1956 Montgomery bus boycotts to the student-led sit-ins of the sixties to the huge March on Washing ton in 1963. In 1968 President Johnson signed the Civil Right act prohibiting discrimination in the sale, rental, and financing of housing. most of the most famous leader of the civil right movement includes Martin Luther King Jr. , Thurgood Marshall, Rosa Parks and many others.Although civil rights were established many African American still struggled to be treated fairly in America. Affirmative Action was established in 1978 by a ruling of the Supreme philander to ensure that minorities are given an opportunity that they may have missed because of their race. In 2008 Barack Obama was the first African American to be nominated for a major party nominee for president. He was elected the 44th President of the United States on November 4, 2008, and sworn in on January 20, 2009. Family and Parenting Characteristics As with most cultures, African Americans put down a high value on their families.In the United States African American familys make-up 12. 9 percentage of the populati on according to the 2003 US Census. The US census also shows that for African Americans over the age of 15 there are 34 percent married, five percent separated, eleven percent divorced, seven percent widowed, and 43 percent were never married. According to the First Things First website, African Americans are the most un-partnered group in America (Medium, 2011, para. 4). champion major goal of African American families is communalism, which is very important for effective functioning (Hall, 2010).Hall (2010) describes African American families as having three family flakes. The first type is the cohesive-authoritative that is explained to be a family with high cohesion along with being supportive, nurturing, and involved with their children (Hall, 2010). The second type of family is the conflictive-authoritarian that is defined as families with conflict and the parents are controlling, critical, and express sorrow with children (Hall, 2010). The last type of family Hall (2010) e xplains is the defensive- neglectful, that did not like other racial groups and also did not teach their children to be proud of being an African American.virtuoso significant trend that has been determined about the African American family structure is that the more interconnected the family is, the lower the rate of depression in African Americans (Hall, 2010). found on these findings, a platform chit-chated Strong African American Families has been created in order to strengthen the relationships between parents and children. According to Hall (2010), The Strong African American Families program also has been found to reduce preadolescent risky sexual behaviors, preadolescent alcohol use, and parental depression among African American families (p.95).This kind of program has been very effective in keeping families cohesive and helping to improve the goal of communalism. Language Generations of hardships imposed on the African American community created distinctive language pa tterns. Slave owners often intentionally mixed people who spoke different African languages to discourage communication in any language other than side. This, combined with prohibitions against education, led to the development of pidginsimplified mixtures of two or more languages that speakers of different languages can use to communicate.Examples of pidgins that became fully developed languages include Creole, commonplace to Louisiana, and Gullah, common to the ocean Islandsoff the coast of South Carolina and Georgia (Rydell, 2010). It is sad to think that slave owners intentionally put Africans with people who did not speak their language to discourage communication, but is have been inquiryed and proven to be true. Slavery is not the only element to African American culture, and it often seems that when discussing African American culture slavery is the main topic.However, when discussing language the centuries of slavery that they endured have everything to do with the evolut ion of African-American language. Now that we have covered the origin of African American language we can discuss the American perspective of where modern day African American language stands, and how this effects the culture. African American Vernacular English (AAVE)also called African American English less precisely Black English, Black Vernacular, Black English Vernacular (BEV), or Black Vernacular English (BVE)is an African Americanvariety(dialect, ethnolect and sociolect) of American English.Non-linguists sometimes call it Ebonics(a term that also has other meanings or strong connotations) or jive or jive-talk. Its pronunciation is, in some respects, common to Southern American English, which is speak by many African Americans and many non-African Americans in the United States. There is little regional variation among speakers of AAVE. Several creolists, including William Stewart, John Dillard, and John Rickford, argue that AAVE shares so many characteristics with Creole dia lects spoken by black people in much of the world that AAVE itself is a Creole dialect while others maintain that there are no significant parallels.As with all linguistic forms, its usage is influenced by age, status, topic and setting. There are many literary uses of this variety of English, curiously in African-American literature (Rydell, 2010). Of course this information does not imply that all African Americans speak a version of AAVE, only that it is very common and prevalent throughout the modern day African American culture. Religion In the African American community religion plays an extremely significant role. The story of African-American religion is a tale of variety and creative fusion.Enslaved Africans transported to the New World beginning in the fifteenth century brought with them a wide range of local sacred beliefs and practices. This diversity reflected the many cultures and linguistic groups from which they had come. The majority came from the West Coast of Af rica, but even within this area religious traditions varied greatly. Islam had also exerted a powerful presence in Africa for several centuries before the start of the slave trade an estimated twenty percent of enslaved people were practicing Muslims, and some retained elements of their practices and beliefs puff up into the nineteenth century.Preserving African religions in North America proved to be very difficult. The harsh circumstances under which most slaves livedhigh death rates, the insulation of families and tribal groups, and the concerted effort of white owners to eradicate heathen (or non-Christian) customsrendered the preservation of religious traditions difficult and often unsuccessful. Isolated songs, rhythms, movements, and beliefs in the curative powers of root and the efficacy of a world of spirits and ancestors did survive well into the nineteenth century.Historically during their most difficult times the African American relied on their religious beliefs to end ure. During the civil rights movement black churches were often the target of racial violence because that was a place that African Americans spent most of their time. This was a place where they often held meetings to discuss their civil rights efforts. African Americans practice a number of religions, but Protestant Christianity is by far the most prevalent. Some African and African American also follow the Muslim and Judaism.According to Fife, Kilgour, Canter and Adegoke (2010), African unearthly traditions have historically held a central place in African American communalism (Mbiti, 1990) and were vital to survival during the time of slavery. In African and African American culture the concept of spirituality is inseparable from all other aspects of human experience. The spiritual and the physical are indistinguishable (Mbiti, 1990). A deep connection exists between humans, God, family, and group (Barrett, 1974).Spirituality is not compartmentalized into systematized beliefs a nd practices but woven into everyday experience (Boyd Franklin, 1989). The Black church is the primary means through which many African Americans express their religious and spiritual beliefs and values (Richardson June, 1997). This institution is a central force in African American childhood and adolescent identity and helps to shape ideas about what comprises community. Many African American children have christen ceremonies for they can even walk or talk.African American families generally spend a substantial amount of time within their places of worship. Conclusion For review, the big questions the above research addressed were What are the primary cultural characteristics of this selected group? How do the characteristics of this group impact its experience as a subculture in American society? How susceptibility the cultural aspects of this group be applied to traditional psychological theory? What are the implications of these characteristics for psychological theory and pr actice?We have found that the primary cultural characteristics of the African America culture are their history of slavery in America, distinct family and parenting practices, slavery based evolution of their language, and their dedicated religious beliefs. The characteristics of this group impact its experience as a subculture in American society by enticing others in to the culture and sparking curiosity around the world. African Americans make up a small percentage of the minority in America. However African American culture dominates the world of music, fashion, and professional sports.The cultural aspects of the African American group can be applied to traditional psychological theory when considering family dynamics, cultural perspectives, and how these aspects influence mental health. The implications of these characteristics for psychological theory and practice would focus on how the African American history of slavery in America influences their world view, how family and parenting practices mold their ideals of what a family should be, how religion influences their beliefs and actions, and how language distinguishes them from others and what psychological impact this has on them as a whole.For many years African-American culture developed separately from mainstream American culture, both because of slavery and the persistence of racial discrimination in America, as well as African-American slave descendants desire to create and maintain their own traditions. Today, African-American culture has become a significant part of American culture and yet, at the same time, remains a distinct cultural body. References Fife, J. , McCreary, M. , Kilgour, J. , Canter, D. , Adegoke, A. (2010). Self Identification Among African American and Caucasian College Students. College Student Journal, 44(4), 994. Retrieved from EBSCOhost.Hall, G. C. N. (2010). Multicultural psychology (2nd ed. ). Upper Saddle River, NJ Pearson/Prentice Hall. Medium. (2011). First Things First. Retrieved from http//firstthings. org/page/research/african-american-family-facts New York Daily Tribune, March 9, 1859 reprinted in Hart, Albert B. , American History Told by genesis v. 4 (1928). Retrieved from http//eyewitnesstohistory. com Rydell, R. J. , Hamilton, D. L. , Devos, T. (2010). NOW THEY ARE AMERICAN, NOW THEY ARE NOT VALENCE AS A DETERMINANT OF THE INCLUSION OF AFRICAN AMERICANS IN THE AMERICAN IDENTITY. mixer Cognition, 28(2), 161-179. Retrieved from EBSCOhost.

Animals Should Not Be Used for Medical Testing Essay Example for Free

Animals Should Not Be Used for medical exam checkup Testing EssayTina Date 11/29/2011 Animals should not Be Used for Medical Testing Nowa daylights, zoologys argon used for medical testing which is hurtful and not necessary. Tens of millions of animals are used each year in feder bothy and privately funded experiments. Do animals intent the same pain that human feel? How do we know that different humans feel pain? We all know that we ourselves can feel pain. We know this from the direct experience of stubbing toe on a chair, or having finger slammed in a drawer. So animals are as same as human. They have feelings about hurt, happiness, and pain either.Therefore, animals should not be used for medical testing because animals have the rights to survive, not a prey for vivisection in laboratories, and there are still having so many ineffective of drugs in the world. Pain is a physical event something that cannot be observed. Pain is something that is felt, and we can only assum e that other humans can feel pain from external indications such crying, screaming, or jerking away from something. If we can justify that other humans feel pain, wherefore do human think that animals do not feel pain by continue using animals for testing?Con positioningring that all living beings possess graphic rights that any animals with a nervous system have specific rights to survive in the world. All animals are born equal and they have the same rights as human to humanity in this planet. Why do not human save animals instead of killing them by many unnecessary testing? When an animal is poked, burned, or stepped on, they will cry, yelp, or jerk away. Since the external indicators are the same, we can assume that animals feel the same pain that we as humans feel. Today the medical term vivisection is used.Vivisection is defined as cutting while still alive it is more commonly used today that is performed on animals especially. Charles River Breeding Laboratories, a club o wned by Bausch and Lomb, provides 40-50% of the animals used in experiments of laboratories (Mercy For Animals). Medicine testing on animals is inaccurate and does not benefit humans at all. Every single day in a year, animals including, but not limited to, dogs, cats, rabbits, mice, rats, hamsters, rhesus monkeys, and cattle are commonly used for vivisection. Animals are innocentThey are organisms that have the rights to existence and to be respected by humans. They are not prey for vivisection in the laboratories. Vivisection is unethical. Furthermore, testing on animals is unreliable. Human rarely think about the opposite side of their experiments. New drugs can pass safety on animals but this does not mean that human can use these drugs safely because animals and humans do not get the same diseases. Animals cells are so different from humans cells. For example, Opren drug caused 3500 people to suffer serious side effects including damage to skin, eyes, liver, and kidneys (Tachel l).Thalidomide caused about 10,000 hand over defects worldwide (CAAT), and Clioquinol caused 30,000 cases of blindness and paralysis and thousands of death (CAAT). Conversely, many drugs that are beneficial to humans are dangerous to animals. Penicillin, which is an antibiotic to humans, kills guinea pigs. Aspirin causes redeem defects in rats, mice, monkeys, but it does not harm in humans any way. In the last 15-20 years, it has been estimated that animal testing has decreased 30-50% due to the reduction and replenishment techniques (Tachell).The most common alternatives that are used today are in-vitro tests, computer software, and even human clinical tests. Human have to understand that this planet is not only ours, but the animals as well. Albert Einstein once said, Our task must be free ourselvesBy widening our circle of comparison to embrace all living creatures and the whole of nature in its beauty. (CAAT) The means of living a healthy and fulfilled life is to embrace an d respect all life on this planet. The animals cannot tell the scientist that they do not want to be tested on, but we can.http//www.un.org/en/http//www.mercyforanimals.org/http//www. animalliberationfront. com/Philosophy/Animal%20Testing/whyanimaltestingisbad. htm.

Religious Education Coursework Assignment Essay Example for Free

Religious Education Coursework Assignment EssayCOURSEWORK QUESTIONa) (i) What is hadj?(ii) Describe and explain why a Islamic would take part in hadj and what this involves 40b) (i) Explain the pith and significance of the counterbalancets ofHajj for a Moslem.(ii) What difficulties might thither be for a Muslim perform Hajj?(iii) How might participating in Hajj affect the life of a believer?35c) A lawful pilgrimage is really a tour within.Do you agree with this statement? Give reasons to support your answer and show that you buzz off thought about different points of view. You must refer to Islam in your answer.25A (i)Hajj is the pilgrimage to Makkah, a Muslim-only city. Tourists argonnt welcome to Makkah Hajj is for Muslims to get close upr to god and isnt meant to be a tourist attraction. It is the duty of every intelligent and financially stable Muslim to complete Hajj once in their lifetime. It is a deeply spiritual trip for the millions of Muslims who compl ete Hajj every Muslim year, between 8 and 13 Dhul-Hijjah the final month. Some Muslims may prefer to visit Makkah on a pilgrimage at a nonher time in the year, but this is not considered as important as Hajj, and is called Umrah. Because so many Muslims want to experience Hajj for the first time, those who have d oneness it before a great deal do Umrah instead. Hajj is the fifth of the five pillars of Islam the basis of the religion. It is meant for the sane and mature Muslim mind, and it is commonly considered an honour to die during ones Hajj, as it is astray believed burial in the city of Makkah result bring Muslims closer to their God, and is a good indication of their dedication to Islam.A (ii)Hajj is widely considered essential in tramp to be a devout Muslim. It is one of the five pillars of Islam which are the biggest and main requirements of the religion. It is considered that Hajj is several(prenominal)thing of a ticket to heaven in the afterlife. The pilgrimage is t o show ones ego to Allah, and let him be the judge of character. With a good Hajj comes a peaceful afterlife and paradise. It is not just a physiological practice, for true meaning a pilgrim must enter a whole new mindset and vogue of living, at least for the days of Hajj. This was of living is called Ihram, and is the first obligatory ritual of Hajj.All men must wear two white unhemmed sheets so that all look alike, and wealth, age and status in general is not even considered. Whilst in Ihram, Muslims should not argue, swear, kill (even insects) or participate in a sexual relationship even accompanied by husband or wife. Ihram creates an counterpoise and purity for Hajj. It unites every pilgrim and crates a pure mental canvas solely ready to think about nothing but God. The physical part of Hajj is all about recreating significant and very old events in Islam. First the pilgrims all run or walk quickly around the Kabah septette times, if close enough they bequeath touch or k iss it. They because pray close to the Kabah, near Maqam Ibrahim. Next the Muslims rush between Marwah and Safa, two hills seven times. The hills are linked now by a corridor for convenience and safety. afterwards doing this, the pilgrims must make their way to the plain of Arafat, around 20km from Makkah. The pilgrims stand under the sun from midday until sunset praying to Allah, and asking for blessing.After this the pilgrims go to Muzdalifah to pray, percolate stones and camp overnight. In the morning the pilgrims go to Mina to throw seven stones at three walls. After stoning the walls pilgrims make a sacrifice, often through companies nowadays. The sacrificed animal is the either frozen for future use or given to the poor Muslim association to eat. Men then shave their heads, and women cut off a lock of hair, usually a small amount a few centimetres or a quarter. Muslims are then allowed to exit Ihram, changing into their normal clothes. They camp at Mina for three nights, and then return to Makkah to walk around the Kabah once again. They then drink water from the ZamZam well and their Hajj is complete. They are then a male Hajji, or a female Hajjah.B (i)Carrying out the actions of Hajj is not meaningful without a proper understanding for the ideas behind all(prenominal) procedure. It is all about representing the past and having empathy for Muhammad (PBUH), Ibrahim his son Ismahil and others. The Kabah is a cube-shaped building purportedly first constructed for God by the first man Adam. It was washed away in Noahs time, but Ibrahim and his son Ismahil rebuilt it. It is covered in a nigrify cloth called kiswah with verses of the Quran stitched into it. The Kabah is rebuilt on the same foundations by the same method when it needs to be, and the cover is re-made every year, after it is cut up and given to some lucky pilgrims as a memento of their journey. The Kabah is the very first house of God and many illusionists have visited it. It is for th is reason that pilgrims live such closeness and histrionics to God when they visit it during Hajj. Tawaf is the circling of the Kabah seven times.To begin, the pilgrims can kiss the Black Stone al-hajar-al-aswad or just raise their hands towards it (on the east corner of the courtyard) and recite a prayer. After this the Pilgrims rush around the Kabah seven times to represent the fact that their lives revolve around God. It is the first thing that the pilgrims do when they arrive in Makkah. Tawaf is the present moment rite of Hajj, after Ihram, mentioned earlier. The second event is called the sai, where pilgrims rush between the hills Marwah and Safa, to show perseverance and patience. This is what Ibrahims wife Hajar did as she desperately searched for aid as her and her thirsty(p) son came close to death in the desert.This part of Hajj can be very tiring and difficult under the blazing sun, despite there being a modern corridor built especially for sai. Hajars patience was re warded by God with a spring of water that appeared at her son Ismahils feet, which was named the ZamZam well today it is in the courtyard of the great Mosque in Makkah. Sai is not a compulsory part of Hajj but is usually include in the pilgrimage, and has a deep meaning. The pilgrims travel to Mina, a city of tents near the plain of Arafat. In Ihram, the Muslims are united and equal they sleep side by side often grouped only by language if anything. All of the pilgrims sleep in tents in their Ihram clothes, poor and rich sleep aside to each one other as the devout, proud and fellow Muslims of Hajj. The following day the pilgrims travel to Mount Arafat for the most important part of Hajj, where they stand before Allah and ask compassion for all of their sins. This is the third obligatory rite of Hajj. Mount Arafat is also known as the Mount of Mercy and is supposed to be where God forgave Adam and eve for their sins and reunited them, after previously separating them for wrongdoin g. Here the Muslims stand before God, the wuquf.The pilgrims stand from midday to sunset praying, weeping and meditating, all under the searing Saudi sun. The afternoon of wuquf is purely punishing on Allah, and some pilgrims have to rush to make the stand, as without it their Hajj is invalid. Everyone is expected to stand alone and analyse every wrong doing individually, and pray to Allah for forgiveness for their sins. In this rite, repent is essential, and if pilgrims are truly sorry for their sins, it is said they will be completely purified and forgiven by Allah, and can start again, as pure as the day they were born. It is an unforgettable experience and is savoured by every pilgrim. After wuquf, pilgrims travel to camp in Muzdalifah in time for prayers in the evening. Here they usually collect 49 pebbles for the ramy al-jamarat (stoning of the perplex) the following day. In 2004 Saudi authorities got rid of the pillars and replaced them with long walls, to make the stoning the devil process easier and therefore safer. Hundreds of people have died in the large crowds all trying to get a good shot at the pillars. On the first day of the process, after a night in Muzdalifah, the first wall is stoned 7 times. The following days each of the three walls has to be stoned 7 times for two consecutive days. This representation 49 pebbles are required, but if the pilgrims miss any shots they may need at least 21 extra pebbles to stone all three walls 7 times the following day. This seems like a strange ritual when no background is supporting it, but there is good meaning. Ibrahim was told by God one day he had to sacrifice his son Ismahil. Ibrahim made his way to the place of sacrifice, abiding Allahs instruction, after consulting his son who told him to do what he had to.On the way the devil appeared before him first to try and tempt him not to sacrifice his son, and the angel Gabriel, the messenger of God told him to pelt him. Ibrahim threw 7 pebbles at the d evil and it disappeared. It curtly reappeared along the way, this time representing the temptation of Hajar to stop her husband sacrificing her son to God, and Gabriel told Ibrahim to pelt him again. He did what he was told and threw 7 stones at the devil who once again disappeared. The devil appeared a third time along the road, to tempt Ismahil to avoid being sacrificed. Gabriels order to pelt him was followed by Ibrahim, and the devil then disappeared for the final time. Ibrahims loyalty and resistance to the devil was rewarded by God when Ibrahim was told to stop as he prepared to kill his son. He was told by God to sacrifice a ram instead, and Ibrahims resistance to temptation paid off. Ramy al-jamarat shows the pilgrims dedication to Gods wishes, and rejection to the temptations of the devil.Most Muslims make a sacrifice after stoning the devil, to recreate Ibrahims experience as closely as possible. Because there are so many pilgrims who want to make a sacrifice, there are s pecial companies, who make it on their behalf and feed the poor. What cannot be used immediately to feed the poor Muslim community is frozen and used later. After do a sacrifice, male pilgrims have their heads shaven by a person who is not in Ihram and women have usually around an inch cut off. Pilgrims usually change into their normal clothes and do a single Tawaf this is the fourth obligatory rite of Hajj. After doing this single Tawaf the Muslims are now officially Hajjis or Hajjahs as a female. They can then return home but most choose to stay and visit other places such as Medina, where the prophet Muhammad (PBUH) was buried.B (ii)There are many factors to prevent Muslims going to Hajj. It is said Allah excuses these factors. It is intention or niyyah that counts with the pilgrimage, and when there is something to prevent Muslims from attending it, they will be excused by Allah. The most common circumstance is poverty. There are around 1.4 billion Muslims in the world, and man y live in poverty.Lots of Muslims will save up most of their life to do Hajj, and by the time they have enough money to go, they are of old age and arent physically able. In this episode the Muslim can pay another existing Hajji to attend on their behalf, or donate their savings for Hajj to charity. If they do this they will be blessed as fully as if they had completed Hajj themselves. For those who cant afford Hajj, they can donate their available savings for Hajj to charity. They will receive the full Hajj benefits also. If a Muslim passes away on their way to carry out Hajj, they will receive the full blessing also, they have died making a shipment to their religion, this shows devotion and niyyah if anything doesOf course there are difficulties that could occur during Hajj. Because around two million pilgrims undergo Hajj every year, and are all dressed in near identical garments, it is very likely that groups will be separated for the period of Hajj. This may seem like a pani cking time but Muslims in Ihram will be very sympathetic and helpful with each other in such circumstances, and probably take on new members into their travel groups. The overwhelming feeling of closeness to God on Hajj is enough to eliminate any feelings of worry for the meantime anyhow, so detachment doesnt cause much of a fright.Those unfortunate enough to die during Hajj are proud. It is a blessing to be buried in or near Makkah, close to God. Passing away making commitments to Islam is an honour, and a will is usually written before leaving for Hajj anyway. For those who fear the physical stock certificate of Hajj, or are encouraged not to repeat the journey if they have already, Umrah is the lesser pilgrimage which can be carried out all year round. It involves the seven rotations of the Kabah (Tawaf), the Sai (Between Marwah and Safa) and a halq or taqsir which is to cut the hair. Taqsir is shortening hair halqis the complete head shave.B (iii)Hajj creates equilibrium, and a sympathetic atmosphere among the pilgrims who share the highs and lows of the journey. For most, the journey strengthens and confirms their commitment to Islam. After Hajj, a Muslim is more likely to be more courteous to people in general, and more at ease with life. Once a good Hajj is completed, the afterlife should be more peaceful and happy.Some Muslims like the experience of the pilgrimage so much they move to a Muslim country if they do not live in one already, as they like the convenience and feeling of togetherness and empathy. Hajj strengthens the belief of many Muslims, and if they werent a very good Muslim before Hajj, they might feel the need to be more committed to their faith, and practice Islam more regularly. Although for most the pilgrimage of Hajj is a blessing experience, some may have felt let down and disengaged during the journey. For those who could not get into a good Ihram, or feel true belief in God on the mount of mercy their belief in Islam and Allah ma y have been hindered.C To me, this statement means that although all of the processes of a pilgrimage are physical, the true idea is the thoughts within the pilgrims mind and the intention, empathy and symbolism of what they are doing in the pilgrimage.The vast majority of Hajjis find the sacred journey to Makkah nourishing and feel they have found forgiveness from Allah. As they travel around the different rites of Hajj they cherish the experience and remember the meaning of each process, going back as far as the time of Adam and Eve. They enter a new realm as they stand before God on the Mount of Mercy, are unable to hold in their tears and are swept with emotion.On the other hand, Hajj is purely a physical process for some pilgrims. It isnt supposed to be, but some cant get into the frame of mind which is intended during the pilgrimage. The journey is supposed to be emotional, deeply profound and soul cleansing. To some Muslims, their belief may be slightly hampered by the fact they struggle to get into a real Ihram. They will get their moneys worth on the trip and see people from all different cultures following the same rituals, but not feel truly engaged in the experience.Some people might argue that if you go on Hajj, and carry out the same processes as the prophets did, that is adequate in displaying your devotion to Allah and Islam. Some may say the fact that so much is physically required of them in Hajj, that alone shows they are a devout Muslim.Personally, I fully agree with the statement, because I would say that Hajj is a journey to Makkah to carry out the rites, and a true Hajj is a deep and thoughtful journey not only to Makkah, but to the bottom of a pilgrims heart. Although carrying out Hajj is a blessing experience cherished by Muslims, it is not truly meaningful unless they feel a certain dedication and spiritual enrichment on their journey.